Extremal bootstrapping: go with the flow

Go with the flow.

Physiologists have long recognized that blood vessels vasodilate in response to an increase of flow through their lumen.1 This flow-mediated vasodilation is not due to changes in luminal pressure, but rather to the tractive force of fluid flow, or shear stress.2–4 The endothelium senses shear stress by means of a mechanotransducer apparatus that is not fully defined but that may involve cytoske...

Particles go with the flow

When dropping small particles into a turbulent fluid, we know from daily experience that the particles will be swept up in the swirling eddies and vortices of the fluid motion. But how will the particles be arranged in the flow, and does the addition of these particles smooth out the flow or make it more turbulent? These questions not only have industrial and technological implications, but are...

Thrombolysis: go with the flow.

Cell Migration: Neurons Go with the Flow

Cilia lining the surfaces of the brain ventricles may be responsible for the graded distribution of chemorepellents that drive the directed migration of neurons.

Weighting to go with the flow?

A current debate exists as to whether locomotion on foot is guided by optic flow (the apparent motion of the world when the subject is moving) [1–4] or perceived direction [5]. Rushton et al. [5] have shown that the path taken by a participant wearing prism spectacles is described reasonably by a model predicting trajectory from visual direction. We repeated Rushton et al.’s [5] experiment but ...